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Date: June 19, 2007

The Elephant in the Room


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The omission of avoided deforestation in Kyoto has been a catastrophe for the World's tropical forests.
The current state of Kyoto makes it easier to get credits by cutting down standing trees and planting something else rather preserving standing forests. In many areas this was actually done with existing forests bulldozed and replaced by oil palm plantations. This allowed the owners to sell the wood and then gain both a carbon offset credit and sell palm oil on the currently very lucrative international market.
 

In the next 24 hours, deforestation will release as much CO2 into the atmosphere as 8 million people flying from London to New York. Stopping the loggers is the fastest and cheapest solution to climate change. So why are global leaders turning a blind eye to this crisis?
 
The latest figures from the United Nations building on estimates contained in the Stern Report show deforestation accounts for up to 25 per cent of global emissions of heat-trapping gases, while transport and industry account for 14 per cent each; and aviation makes up only 3 per cent of the total.
 

Africa
 
According to the latest audited figures from 2003, two billion tons of CO2 enters the atmosphere every year from deforestation this equates to the deforestation of an area about the size of Texas annually.   The remaining standing forest is calculated to contain 1,000 billion tons of carbon, or double what is already in the atmosphere. Continuing liberation of even a portion of that amount will have untold negative consequences for climate change.
 

Indonesia
 
There are many reasons why reforestation projects have been slow to take off. First, unlike industrial projects, the rules for forestry-related carbon trading have only been clear for a little more than two years. The momentum is yet to build up. Second, the approval procedures are cumbersome. Third, forests that were degraded after 1989 are ineligible. Smoke from tropical deforestation is visible from space across the entire band of the tropics. From Brazil to the Congo to Indonesia.  To stop this mass destruction of forestry resource no new technology is needed, just the political will and a system of enforcement and incentives that makes the trees worth more to governments and individuals standing than felled.
 
  "Tropical forests are the elephant in the living room of climate change," said Andrew Mitchell, the head of the GCP
 
Globally, more than 4.4 million trees are removed every day or 1.6 billion trees each year - almost 1 billion of which are not replaced.
 

Brazil
 
The focus on technological fixes for the emissions of rich nations while giving no incentive to poorer nations to stop burning the standing forest means we are putting the cart before the horse, much of the activity needs to focus on building technical capacity developing countries, getting relevant regulations and law enforcement in place, promoting sustainable forest management, and diversifying the economic base of forest-dependent communities. Making it easier to implement avoided deforestation carbon offset programs would certainly help this process along by making it profitable to not cut down standing trees and these must be part of the fast tracked post Kyoto agreements up for review in Bali this December.
 

South America
 
After all, creating an economic incentives for planting and not cutting down trees ought to be easier than getting the Americans, the Chinese and the Indians to agree to cut back on energy consumption.
 
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